Roland Serman’s Blog
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Using PowerShell to backup SharePoint 2010 Site Collections
January 14, 2011
Posted by on Here is a handy script I use for backing up all of my SharePoint site collections. Many thanks to Todd Klindt for providing the bulk of it in a one liner. I had to make a few tweaks, most notably the “-limit all” and the .Replace for https://.  Make sure to replace anything in <> with your own values.
Add-PsSnapin Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell
Get-SPWebApplication | Get-SPSite -limit all | foreach {
$FilePath = \\">\\">\\<ServerName>\<ShareName>\;
$ext = $_.Url.Replace("http://", "").Replace("https://", "").Replace("/","-").Replace(":","-") +".bak";
write-host $ext
Backup-SPSite -Identity $_.Url -Path $FilePath$ext -Force
}
Check out Todd’s blog, he has a lot of good info, including similar script to backup webs.